The fight against drug addiction has been a long and arduous one, with countless individuals struggling to break free from the clutches of substance abuse. In the Indian state of Punjab, this struggle has been particularly challenging, with the state facing a severe drug crisis that has devastated families and communities. While rehabilitation centers offer a glimmer of hope for these individuals, there has been a worrying trend in recent times: patients becoming addicted to the very drugs used to treat their addiction.
Iatrogenic addiction, the term used to describe addiction to de-addiction drugs, is a serious concern that undermines the entire rehabilitation process in Punjab. Here are some of the key facts and figures that highlight the severity of the problem:
Over 2 million people in Punjab are estimated to be suffering from drug addiction. A study by the National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre (NDDTC) found that 30% of patients in rehabilitation centers in Punjab develop iatrogenic addiction. The most commonly abused de-addiction drugs in Punjab are benzodiazepines and opioid substitution drugs like buprenorphine.
What could have increased this ?
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Overprescription of de-addiction drugs: Doctors often overprescribe medications like benzodiazepines and methadone to manage withdrawal symptoms, leading to dependence.
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Lack of proper monitoring and support: Inadequate follow-up care after leaving the rehab facility increases the risk of relapse and dependence on medication.
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Underlying mental health issues: Many individuals with drug addiction also struggle with mental health conditions like depression and anxiety,which makes them more susceptible to iatrogenic addiction.
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Limited access to alternative therapies: Non-pharmacological treatment options like behavioral therapy and support groups are often inaccessible or unaffordable for many patients.
The consequences of iatrogenic addiction are devastating for individuals and their families, leading to:
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Prolonged dependence: Individuals remain trapped in a cycle of addiction,substituting one drug for another.
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Physical and mental health problems: Addiction can lead to a range of health problems, including liver damage, heart disease, and mental health issues.
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Social and economic challenges: Addiction can damage relationships and lead to job loss and financial hardship.
Several reports have highlighted the seriousness of iatrogenic addiction in Punjab. A 2021 report by the Human Rights Watch found that "the overuse and misuse of prescription drugs in Punjab is contributing to a growing public health crisis." The report also criticized the lack of regulations and oversight governing the prescription and use of de-addiction drugs.
From a broader perspective, iatrogenic addiction is not just a problem in Punjab but a global issue. A 2019 study published in The Lancet medical journal found that "iatrogenic dependence on prescription opioids is a significant public health problem worldwide." The study called for a more cautious approach to prescribing these medications.
[image credits: newsmedical, bbc, brittanica]
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